Italia
Surveillance systems for zoonotic and transboundary emerging pathogens that are structured following the holistic principles of joint work efforts from the human health, animal health and environmental health sectors are reviewed to provide a summary of one‐health based surveillance systems existing worldwide. A systematic search of available literature was undertaken across various biomedical and scientific literature databases (from 2000 to 2022) and were selected using inclusion/exclusion criteria to filter references presenting systematic surveillance systems applicable to transmissible, transboundary, and zoonotic diseases operating under the One Health approach. A standardized data model and vocabulary were used to extract and classify key information to characterize target surveillance systems. 996 studies were obtained after research (589 after duplicates’ elimination) for inclusion in this review and information was extracted using a data model, which were reduced to 79 items once inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. From these articles, 80 additional items were found within references. West Nile virus, followed by rabies and Rickettsiae are the main target pathogens for which One Health efforts are in place within structured and systematic surveillance systems. The worldwide revision of surveillance systems for emerging and transboundary zoonotic diseases evidenced specific targets for one‐health efforts which differ from the targets of sectoral surveillance and are specifically prone to a cooperative approach.
